Pronoun
Pronoun atau kata ganti menggantikan kata benda. Anda membutuhkan kata ganti yang berbeda, bergantung pada dua hal: kata benda yang diganti dan fungsi kata benda tersebut dalam kalimat. Dalam bahasa Inggris, kata ganti bergantung pada jenis kelamin hanya saat Anda mengganti kata benda dengan bentuk orang ketiga tunggal. Kata ganti orang kedua jamak sama persis seperti kata ganti orang kedua tunggal, kecuali untuk kata ganti refleksif.
Perhatikan tabel berikut ini !
(sumber: https://www.google.com/search?q=pronoun&safe=strict&client=firefox-b-d&sxsrf=ALeKk003ND8u81dYmejqguLB4DgDnSym5A:1596752150212&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjwrdSlzYfrAhXMfH0KHdmQARUQ_AUoAXoECBUQAw&biw=1366&bih=626#imgrc=vfE9k8PCR84FbM)
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Kata ganti subjek mengganti subjek dari sebuah klausa. Dalam bentuk orang ketiga, kata ganti subjek sering digunakan untuk menghindari pengulangan nama subjek.
Contoh
-
I am 15 years old
- You are smart.
- Azahra is angry, and She wants Sally to apologize.
- This table is old. It needs to be repainted.
- We are not cooking.
- They don't like jengkol.
Object Pronoun
Kata ganti objek digunakan untuk mengganti kata benda yang merupakan objek langsung atau tidak langsung dari sebuah klausa.
Contoh
- Give the book to me.
- The teacher wants to talk to you.
- Jake is hurt because Bill hit him.
- Rachid recieved a letter from her last week.
- Mark can't find it.
- Don't be angry with us.
- Tell them to hurry up!
Possessive Adjective/Determiner
Kata sifat kepunyaan bukanlah kata ganti, melainkan kata sandang. Namun, kita sebaiknya mempelajari kata sifat kepunyaan saat mempelajari kata ganti karena mirip dengan kata ganti kepunyaan. Kata sifat kepunyaan berfungsi sebagai kata sifat dan diletakkan sebelum kata benda yang dimodifikasi. Kata-kata ini tidak mengganti kata benda seperti kata ganti.
Contoh
- These are my shoes.
- Mrs. Baker wants to see your homework.
- Can Jake bring over his baseball cards?
- Samantha will fix her bike tomorrow.
- The cat broke its leg.
- This is our house.
- Where is their school?
Possessive Pronoun
Kata ganti kepunyaan mengganti kata benda sebagai subjek atau objek dari sebuah klausa. Karena kata benda yang diganti tidak muncul di dalam kalimat, kata benda itu harus jelas diketahui dari konteks.
Contoh
- This bag is mine.
- Yours is not blue.
- That bag looks like his.
- These shoes are not hers.
- That car is ours.
- Theirs is parked in the garage.
Reflexive & Intensive Pronoun
Kata ganti refleksif dan intensif memiliki bentuk yang sama, tetapi berbeda fungsi dalam sebuah kalimat.
Kata ganti refleksif merujuk ke subjek dari sebuah klausa karena subjek yang melakukan tindakan juga merupakan objek langsung atau tidak langsung. Hanya beberapa jenis kata kerja yang bersifat refleksif. Anda tidak dapat menghilangkan kata ganti refleksif dari sebuah kalimat karena tata bahasa kalimatnya akan salah.
Perhatikan perbedaan 2 tabel dibawah ini !
Tabel .1
Tabel. 2
Contoh
- I told myself to calm down.
- You cut yourself on this nail?
- He hurt himself on the stairs.
- She found herself in a dangerous part of town.
- The cat threw itself under my car!
- We blame ourselves for the fire.
- The children can take care of themselves.
Kata ganti intensif memberi penekanan pada subjek dari sebuah klausa. Subjek ini bukanlah objek tindakan. Kata ganti intensif selalu dapat dihilangkan dari kalimat tanpa mengubah artinya secara signifikan meskipun penekanan terhadap subjek akan hilang. Kata ganti intensif dapat diletakkan tepat setelah subjek dari klausa atau di akhir klausa.
Contoh
- I made these cookies myself.
- You yourself asked Jake to come.
- The Pope himself pardoned Mr. Brown.
- My teacher didn't know the answer herself.
- The test itself wasn't scary, but my teacher certainly is.
- We would like to finish the renovation before Christmas ourselves.
- They themselves told me the lost shoe wasn't a problem.
1.She has a new doll, ______doll is very big
a.his
b.her
c.our
d.its
2.They will buy some foods,_______foods are so delicious
a.his
b.him
c.her
d.their
3.Diana calls me,_______voice is so loud
a.his
b.him
c.her
d.their
4.My name is yona and______name is Sinta
a.his
b.him
c.her
d.their
5.They love…… so much because I am their daughter
a.me
b.her
c.his
d.your
6.________book is so interesting, Nana buys it in the bookstore
a.his
b.him
c.her
d.your
7.Diana loves Alex, because _____ attitude is very good.
a.his
b.her
c.its
d.their
8.My name is Yona May Rahayu, _______ from my father.
a.his
b.her
c.its
d.their
9.He loves______so much, because I am very kind
a.me
b.his
c.her
d.their
10.They love______, because I never hurt them
a.his
b.him
c.her
d.our
11.I am so proud with______, she is so kind with me
a.him
b.her
c.their
d.our
12.My book is so expensive, _______ needs much money
a.their
b.our
c.its
d.your
13.Diana is so beautiful, ____likes to make up
a.he
b.she
c.her
d.his
14.I like a doll, ______is very cute
a.she
b.they
c.it
d.he
15.I love my house, ______ window is very big
a.their
b.her
c,his
d.its
16.My life is so beautiful, ______is so interesting life
a.they
b.his
c.it
d.her
17._____friends are so smart, I like them so much.
a.I
b.my
c.me
d.mine
18.Dina is a girl, _____likes to play a doll
a.he
b.her
c.she
d.it
19.They like to eat an apple, and so do______
a.me
b.I
c.her
d.him
20.Tiara was sleepy, _____needs to sleep.
a.her
b.his
c.him
d.she
Pilihlah I atau me yang tepat untuk melengkapi kalimat di bawah ini.
-
He told … everything I never knew about politics.
-
I wonder if … could borrow your book for a few days.
-
Have you received a mail from … ?
-
Karina and … have been waiting at the station for an hour.
-
The software is being developed by Donny and …
-
Do you know the difference between you and … ?
-
He gave no good reason to Andrea and … for his resignation.
-
Neither you nor … have enough money to rent an apartment.
Pilihlah pronoun pada case yang tepat, apakah subjective, objective, atau possessive. Jika semua jawaban benar, pilih “both are correct”.
-
Ferdian and … have accomplished their mission.
- her
- she
- hers
-
They don’t work as hard as …
- us
- our
- we
-
My father advised … to eat less salt and more whole grain foods.
- me
- I
- mine
-
The customer … I will send this package lives in a rural area.
- who
- to whom
- whom
-
Whose wallet did she find? It’s …
- him
- his
- he
-
He is more experienced than …
- I
- me
- mine
-
She asked me trickier questions than …
- he
- he/him (Both “he” and “him” are correct.)
- him
-
Rangga offered to lend me his car, but I prefered to borrow …
- she
- hers
- her
-
Take care of your skin by protecting … from the harmful ultraviolet radiation.
- it
- its
- them
-
… is the blue tunnel tent.
- he
- theirs
- they
A.Use correct personal pronouns. See the words in brackets.
Example: ___ often reads books. (Lisa)
Answer: She often reads books.
1) ___ is dreaming. (George)
2) ___ is green. (the blackboard)
3) ___ are on the wall. (the posters)
4) ___ is running. (the dog)
5) ___ are watching TV. (my mother and I)
6) ___ are in the garden. (the flowers)
7) ___ is riding his bike. (Tom)
8) ___ is from Bristol. (Victoria)
9) ___ has got a brother. (Diana)
10) ___Have got a computer, Mandy?
B.Change the underlined words into a correct object pronoun!
1) The teacher always gives the students homework.
2) I am reading the book to my little sister.
3) The boys are riding their bikes.
4) My father is writing a letter to John.
5) I don’t know the answer.
6) Sally is going to Anne.
7) Open the window, please.
8) Can you tell the people the way to the airport, please?
9) The books are for Peter.
10) Can you help my sister and me, please?
C.Fill the blanks with who, whom, which or whose !
1) I talked to the girl ….. car had broken down in front of the shop.
2) Mr Richards,….. is a taxi driver, lives on the corner.
3) John is calling the girl ….. I met last night.
4) This is the girl ….. comes from Spain.
5) That’s Peter, the boy ….. has just arrived at the airport.
6) Thank you very much for your e-mail ….. was very interesting.
7) The man, ….. father is a professor, forgot his umbrella.
8) The children, ….. Mr. John met in the street, are not from our school.
9) The car, ….. driver is a young man, is from Ireland.
10) What did you do with the money your mother ….. lent you?
D.Fill the blanks with the correct possessive adjective!
1.Joanie is (John and Nancy) ______ daughter.
2.Is this Jane’s dog? Yes it is ______ dog.
3.The dog is chasing ______ own tail.
4.Pedro and Isabel are Spanish. ______ family is from Spain.
5.Juan is not at school. ______ father took him to the doctor.
6.Beatriz is married. She showed us ______ ring today.
7.Jose and Maria are dancers. ______ older brother is a singer.
8.Pepe and I have an English class together. ______ teacher is Ms. Smith.
9.My family has a dog. ______ dog’s name is Lady.
10The teacher told me not to bring ______ cell phone to school.
E.Fill the blanks with the correct possessive adjective!
1.Jane has already eaten her lunch , but John saving ….. until later
2.Siska’s mobile needs to be fixed, but is working.
3.Her computer is a Mac, but….. is a PC.
4.We gave them telephone number, and they gave us ……
5.My pencil is broken. Can I borrow …..?
6.I have a dog. That dog is …..
7.She has a cat. That cat is …..
8.We have a car. That car is ….
9.They have a bike. That bike is …..
10.He has a key. That key is …..
